Mechanism of Action
Antipsychotic Drugs work by blocking dopamine receptors, particularly D2 receptors, in the brain. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in psychosis. By blocking its receptors, antipsychotics reduce dopamine's excitatory effects and balance out its activity. The dopamine receptor D2 is an important mediator of neurological and behavioral functions and it is implicated in psychosis when it overstimulated. Antipsychotics decrease dopamine receptor stimulation, which in turn reduces psychotic symptoms.
In Antipsychotic Drugs are indispensable in the clinical management of psychotic illnesses like schizophrenia. By blocking dopamine and other receptors, they alleviate psychotic symptoms effectively. While older antipsychotics have a higher risk of extrapyramidal side effects, the atypical antipsychotics available today treat psychosis as well with safer metabolic side effect profiles. Antipsychotics will continue to evolve with safer mechanisms as our understanding of the neurobiology of psychosis deepens further.
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