Transport Layer Security (TLS), formerly known as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), is a protocol that provides communication security and privacy over the Internet for applications such as web browsing, email, instant messaging and other network services. TLS helps establish an encrypted link between a client and server to prevent eavesdropping and tampering with communication.

History and Evolution of Transport Layer Security

Transport Layer Security was developed as the successor to the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol. SSL was created by Netscape in 1995 to provide security and privacy for data transmitted via the World Wide Web. In 1999, a new variant known as TLS 1.0 was published as an upgrade to SSL 3.0 in Request for Comments (RFC) 2246 by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).

Subsequent versions improved security and added support for new cryptographic algorithms and authentication methods. The latest version is TLS 1.3 published in 2018.

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