The Role of LNG in Meeting IMO’s Emission Regulations

As the International Maritime Organization (IMO) works to curb greenhouse gas emissions from ships, liquefied natural gas (LNG) has emerged as a promising alternative bunker fuel. In January 2020, the IMO introduced new regulations that aim to reduce the carbon intensity of international shipping by 40% by 2030 and pursue efforts to completely decarbonize the sector by 2050. Using LNG can help shipping companies meet these emission targets in a cost-effective way.

LNG as a Bunker Fuel: Reduced Emissions Profile

Switching to LNG offers significant environmental benefits compared to traditional heavy-fuel oil. When combusted, LNG emits virtually no sulfur oxides or particulate matter. It also reduces nitrogen oxide emissions by 85% compared to heavy fuel oil and carbon dioxide emissions are approximately 25% lower. This makes it compliant with upcoming IMO regulations on particulate matter, sulfur content and NOx Tier III requirements for emission control areas. Using LNG instead of fuel oil can dramatically cut the shipping industry's impact on air quality and help address issues like acid rain and smog.

Bunkering Infrastructure Needs and Market Adoption

Despite the clear benefits, building widespread LNG as a Bunker Fuel  bunkering infrastructure remains a major challenge holding back mass adoption of the fuel. While over 300 LNG-fuelled ships are already in operation or on order globally, most ports still lack LNG bunkering facilities. Developing that infrastructure requires huge investments that may deter many stakeholders. Furthermore, the limited number of LNG bunker vessels currently available constrains fuel availability, particularly in remote ports. With sufficient governmental and industry support, though, these infrastructure gaps could close within the next 5–10 years, catalyzing a large-scale transition to greener LNG power.

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