Methods and Approaches

While there is diversity in approaches, most indigenous medicine systems share common principles. Holism is fundamental - illness is viewed as imbalance rather than the presence of external pathogens. Treatment typically aims to restore balance and harmony between mind, body and spirit using techniques like herbal remedies, massage, acupuncture and lifestyle changes.

Herbal medicines using plants, minerals and animal parts are central to many traditional systems. Preparations involve fresh, dried or processed herbs in meals or as teas, salves, pills and more. Massage and body-based methods play important preventive and curative roles. Acupuncture employing thin needles at specific points on the body is a defining technique of Chinese medicine. Diet, exercise, meditation, yoga and other lifestyle practices also feature prominently. Observation and experiential knowledge guide diagnosis and treatments tailored to individual contexts.

Global Prominence and Recognition

With increasing interest in natural and preventive healthcare worldwide, Global Traditional Medicine has gained growing prominence globally. The WHO estimates around 80% of the world’s population relies primarily on indigenous medicine for their healthcare needs. Users appreciate its affordability, accessibility and cultural resonance. Countries are actively encouraging indigenous medicine integration in national health systems.

The WHO adopted the Traditional Medicine Strategy in 2002 and member states committed to developing policies and regulations. Over 190 WHO member states recognize and integrate indigenous medicine into public health programs to varying extents. For example, indigenous medicine accounts for 40% of healthcare in China. Brazil, India, South Korea and other nations incorporate Ayurveda, acupuncture, herbal remedies and more within public facilities. Traditional healers are recognized professionals.

Continuing Challenges and the Path Forward

While acceptance rises, many challenges persist. Standardizing diverse practices and ensuring safety and efficacy remains difficult due to the holistic nature of traditional systems. Lack of regulatory frameworks and research capacity has resulted in issues like adulteration, misdiagnosis and interactions with allopathic drugs. Cultural assumptions also pose barriers to integration within conventional medical institutions.

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